Tokenisation & fractionalisation
Can digital shares grow out of their meme phase?
Last updated: 14 Jul 2022
Market 101
Would you like to own one hundredth of a Pikachu? That’s the promise of so- called tokenisation, which breaks assets — yes, even Pokémon cards — into small tradeable units. In the context of the broader Web3 frenzy, it’s perhaps the logical next step in the history of fractionalisation. The new thing here is the blockchain: digitally “owning” a fraction of a house, a painting or a bottle of pricey whiskey in token form while the actual objects stay in vaults or galleries — all in the hope of selling it someday for a profit.
The companies behind these digital shares say they’re opening up investment opportunities that are generally beyond the reach of average collectors, and allow them to diversify their portfolios like pros would. But so far, they’re far from mainstream. It’ll take more work on their supporting infrastructure and the education of potential investors to put tokens and other fractionalised investments into the hands of more users.
Early stage market map
Key facts
$2.3bn
estimated size of global token market in 20211
$200
current cost of 1/185th of a whiskey bottle on fraction marketplace Koia2
19%
estimated CAGR for the global token market from 2021-20263
Trends to watch
1. Spaghetti junction of exchanges
→ Institutions that want to offer token investments to their clients need to integrate with each issuance platform — many of which are also based on different blockchain technologies — one by one.
→ If tokens could instead be listed on multiple exchanges simultaneously, this could spur a virtuous cycle of increased adoption and greater liquidity.
2. Less Reddit, more raw numbers
→ Tokens and fractionalised assets often have more opaque valuations and require greater education of their potential investors.
→ Just as stock investments come with regular reports, alternative assets would do well to publish data on their financials, ownership and governance in a standardised fashion that can be replicated beyond a single exchange.
3. Low demand in “secondary markets”
→ Well hey there, supply and demand. Fractional ownership has gone through different phases. Time-sharing — buying weeks at a particular property — for example went out of fashion a while ago.
→ Buzz and FOMO are fickle things and the get-rich-quick fire is burning low for investors these days. Secondary markets for fractional tokens are limited right now, amid signs that NFT appetite is tapering off: you only have to look to the guy who lost millions on his digital copy of Twitter founder Jack Dorsey’s first tweet.
Startups tracked by Sifted
Sifted take
Not that we’re judging, but buying a virtual property in the metaverse for kicks is wildly different from use cases that solve actual problems, from housing affordability to simplifying processes like vesting company shares. And while it’s the more meme-y applications that will continue to gather the lion’s share of attention, projects with clear purpose and utility are the best hopes to spur further adoption of tokenisation in the long run.
Rising stars
Europe's leading pre-Series A startups (all published data verified) We identify companies as ‘rising stars’ using a number of criteria including founder backgrounds, investor track record, funding and valuation, and growth signals
Backed by the likes of LocalGlobe and Kima Ventures, Louve Invest is a marketplace for investing in real estate fractions from as little as €200. Cofounder Clément Renault previously cofounded a Y Combinator-backed transportation startup.
Round
Seed
Date
2021
Size
€2m
Platform that generates tokens as rewards for landowners for every 100kg of CO2 captured by restoring and conserving forests, wetlands and other natural resources. Its seed round was led by EQT Ventures.
Round
Seed
Date
2021
Size
€7m
Facilitates fractional ownership of second homes — and no blockchain in sight for this one. Investors include Accel, FJ Labs and Fasanara Capital.
Round
Pre-seed
Date
2022
Size
€26m
Early stage startups to watch
Brickken
Tokenisation-as-a-service
€2.5m
€2m
€4m
BRXS
Real estate
€1m
€1m
-
DigiShares
Real estate
€1.5m
€910k
-
Fluidensity
Art & luxury items
€40k
€40k
-
Forestbase
Climate & sustainability
€2.5m
€2.5m
€13m
Koia
Art & luxury items
€1.3m
€1.3m
-
Konvi
Art & luxury items
€1m
€814k
-
Louve Invest
Real estate
€2m
€2m
-
Single.Earth
Climate & sustainability
€7.2m
€7m
-
STOKR
Fintech
€6.9m
€3.9m
-
Urbanitae
Real estate
€8.5m
€3.5m
€25m
VIVLA
Real estate
€26m
€26m
-
Sources
Research reports
1, 3 Tokenization Market Size, Share and Global Market Forecast to 2026 | January 2022 | MarketsandMarkets
Tokenisation: the future of real estate investment? | January 2020 | University of Oxford
News articles
Waking up from the dream of real estate tokenization | June 2022 | Unissu
Two startups will drive security token market take off | May 2022 | Ledger Insights
Alternative Investments: Democratization Through Fractionalization | April 2022 | Jump Capital
Invest in a space rocket? The startups looking to democratise 'rare asset' investing | April 2022 | AltFi
Would you buy a home in the metaverse? | January 2022 | FT
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